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Effects of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on the Anatomical and Biochemical Characteristics of Aptenia cordifolia at Different Developmental Stages
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Masoumeh Bohli Bohl    , Hanieh Mohajjel Shoja * , Samira Behboudi , Saeideh Alizadeh-Salteh |
| Department of Plant, Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Iran. , mohajelh@yahoo.com |
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Abstract: (91 Views) |
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂) have gained attention for their photocatalytic properties and broad applications in life sciences and agriculture. However, their impact on plant growth and development remains a topic of ongoing debate. This study, utilizing a completely randomized design, investigated the effects of foliar-applied TiO₂ at concentrations of 0, 0.03%, and 0.05% on the growth, morphology, and biochemical traits of Aptenia cordifolia during its vegetative and reproductive stages. The results indicated that TiO₂ treatments reduced growth parameters, such as stem length, root length, and leaf area, during both vegetative and reproductive stages compared to controls. However, plants treated with 0.03% TiO₂ exhibited significantly higher fresh and dry weights of roots and shoots, as well as greater stomatal density, compared to those treated with 0.05%, suggesting a potential inhibitory effect of the higher concentration. In the vegetative stage, the 0.03% treatment increased photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoids) and peroxidase activity, while in the reproductive stage, these increases were observed with the 0.05% treatment. Additionally, the 0.05% TiO₂ treatment led to an increase in protein content in both stages. These findings demonstrate that the effects of TiO₂ are concentration- and growth stage-dependent, with lower concentrations enhancing biochemical properties, while higher concentrations adversely affected plant growth and metabolism. Therefore, careful consideration of nanoparticle concentration and application methods is essential for optimizing their effectiveness in agricultural applications. |
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| Keywords: Antioxidant enzymes, growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, reproductive stage, vegetative stage |
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Biosafety
Received: 2025/05/6 | Accepted: 2025/08/8 | Published: 2025/09/20
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