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CRISPR/Cas Systems Diversity in Leuconostoc Genus
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Sara Ghaffarian *    , Bahman Panahi |
| Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran , s.ghaffarian@azruniv.ac.ir |
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Abstract: (121 Views) |
Bacteriophage infections are one of the key challenges of employing various bacteria in industries. CRISPR-Cas systems are part of the bacterial immune system against viral infections and determining the characteristics of these systems can be beneficial in the formulation and use of these bacteria. To investigate the CRISPR/Cas system in the Leuconostoc genus, the complete genome sequence of 18 reported species of this genus was explored and their CRISPR/Cas systems information was analyzed using homology-based algorithms. Then, characteristics of recognized systems' conformation structure and stability were determined based on MFE values, phage recognition site was identified using BLAST approaches, and finally evolutionary relationships of these systems were analyzed based on amino acid sequence of associated proteins. Based on obtained results, 9 species of 18 reported species for this genus had complete CRISPR/Cas system. CRISPR/Cas type analysis confirmed that except for one case, all strains contain a type II-A system. In these systems, the number of repeats and the average length of spacers varied from 4 to 101 and 28 to 30 nucleotides respectively. In total, 9 types of PAM sequences were identified at each 3´ and 5´ ends of these systems. Based on relationship analysis, the studied system is assigned into two main groups. It seems that subtype II-A is the most active system against foreign DNA and phages in the Leuconostoc genus.
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| Keywords: Leuconostoc, CRISPR, Diversity, Relationship, Structure. |
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Divers
Received: 2023/08/2 | Accepted: 2024/02/13 | Published: 2024/03/14
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