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Study on combining ability, hetrosis and gene action for kernel yield and yield components in sweet maize (Zea mays L.) using line×tester method
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Ahmad Farid Rahmani    , Saeid Malekzadeh-Shafaroudi , • Saeid Khavari Khorasani * , • Farajollah • FShahriari Ahmadi |
| Seed and Plant Improvement Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, ARREO, Mashhad, Iran , khavaris80@yahoo.com |
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Abstract: (79 Views) |
The objective of this study was to examine gene action, heritability, heterosis estimation, and combining ability for yield and its components using the line × tester method in sweet corn lines. To estimate combining ability, heritability, genetic variance components, and heterosis in sweet corn breeding programs, an experiment based on the line × tester method was conducted. Nine hybrids were generated by crossing three medium-yielding lines (Mrt-4, Pwrhs, and Swry) with three high-yielding testers (ks/1-13, Mrt-3, and S 1263). The experiment was carried out in a RCBD with three replications. The variance of specific combining ability (SCA) was higher than that of general combining ability (GCA) for all traits, indicating the predominance of non-additive gene action in the inheritance of these traits. The highest heterosis values relative to the mean and the superior parent for grain yield were 41.67% and 15.18%, respectively, observed in the hybrids Swry × ks/1-13 and Swry × Mrt-3. The relative contribution of variance in lines and testers compared to the line × tester interaction was higher for traits such as tillering ability, ear length, number of ear rows, ear diameter, stem diameter, plant height, tassel length, grain yield, number of kernels per row, cob diameter, ear height, and ear weight. This suggests a greater estimation of GCA variance, or additive effects, among the lines and testers used in the study for the mentioned traits. The hybrid Swry × ks/1-13 was identified as a highly suitable combination for grain yield due to its higher SCA effects and superior heterosis.
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| Keywords: Hybrid maize, specific combining ability, general combining ability, yield components, narrow sense heritability |
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Plant
Received: 2025/03/7 | Accepted: 2025/05/18 | Published: 2025/09/15
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