|
The Optimization of Hairy Root Induction in Broccoli Plant
|
Maryam Bigdeli *   , Ahmad Sadat Noori , Ali Izadi darbandi , Mahmood Lotfi , Moslem Bahmankar |
| Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agriculture Faculty, University of Tehran, Paradis of Aburaihan, Iran , maryambigdeli3154@yahoo.com |
|
|
Abstract: (657 Views) |
Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica) is a well-known plant, suitable for cold and cool climates, belonging to the Brassicaceae family. This plant is a good source of nutrition. Broccoli cultivation involves many vital secondary metabolites, particularly glucosinolates which is responsible for its pungent odor and anti-cancer properties. Within the plant, glucosinolate-glucoraphanin is converted into sulforaphane and 1-butene, 4-isothiocyanate. Given the importance and application of secondary metabolites, the cultivation of hairy roots is a suitable strategy for enhanced production of these compounds. To optimize hairy root induction, the tissue culture method was employed. This project was conducted as a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized block design with three replicates (under Petri dish culture conditions). The studied factors included two bacterial strains (ATCC-15834, A4), four plant genotypes (Heraklion, Castle Dome, Sakura, and Sentora), and two types of explants (Hypocotyl and Cotyledon). The best treatment for hairy root induction in broccoli was the combination of genotype SENT, strain A4, and cotyledon explant, which achieved 100% induction and the highest number of roots. For producing the highest biomass (fresh and dry weight), the combination of genotype HER, strain A4, and cotyledon explant showed the best result. The transgenic nature of the hairy roots was confirmed by tracking a part of the rolB gene using PCR. In general, the results of this study indicated that the induction of transgenic roots in broccoli is influenced by the explant and bacterial strain, and these findings serve as a key prerequisite for experiments related to hairy root culture aimed at producing secondary metabolites. |
|
| Keywords: Hairy roots, secondary metabolites, Broccoli |
|
|
|
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Plant
Received: 2025/06/6 | Accepted: 2025/10/23 | Published: 2025/10/28
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| References |
|
1. Aziz Khajeh, A., Dorani, E., & Aharizad, S. (2018). Effects of Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains and explants on induction of hairy root in Physalis alkekengi. Genetic Engineering and Biosafety Journal, 7, 33-40. https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.25885073.1397.7.1.2.1 2. Bahmankar, M., Mortazavian, S. M. M., Tohidfar, M., Noori, S. A. S., Darbandi, A. I., Corrado, G., et al. (2017). Chemical compositions, somatic embryogenesis, and somaclonal variation in cumin. BioMed Research International, 2017, 1-15. [ DOI:10.1155/2017/7283806] [ PMID] [ PMCID] 3. Bahmankar, M., Mortazavian, S. M. M., Tohidfar, M., Noori, S. A. S., Darbandi, A. I., & Salehi, M. (2018). Physio-biochemical characters, embryo regeneration, and limonene synthase gene expression in cumin. Industrial Crops and Products, 121, 195-205. [ DOI:10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.05.006] 4. Ebrahimi, S., Zaker, A., Abrishamchi, P., Bahrami, A. R., Ganjeali, A., & Sodagar, N. (2017). Hairy root induction and secondary metabolite production in Perovskia abrotanoides Karel. Journal of Plant Process and Function, 6(20), 17-26. https://sid.ir/paper/234140/en 5. Jodaki, F., Sadat Noori, S. A., Mortazavian, S. M. M., & Mahmoudi, M. (2024). Optimization of hairy root induction in the medicinal plant Bilhar (Dorema aucheri) using Agrobacterium rhizogenes for the production of secondary metabolites. Genetic Engineering and Biosafety Journal, 13(2), 1-10. [ DOI:10.61882/gebsj.13.2.2] 6. Kim, S. J., et al. (2013). Glucosinolate biosynthesis in hairy root cultures of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica). Natural Product Communications, 8(2), 217-220. PMID: 23513733 [ DOI:10.1177/1934578X1300800222] [ PMID] 7. Lee, Y., et al. (2013). MicroRNA-124 regulates osteoclast differentiation. Bone, 56(2), 383-389. [ DOI:10.1016/j.bone.2013.07.007] [ PMID] 8. Lim, T. K. (2014). Edible medicinal and non-medicinal plants (Vol. 7: Flowers). Springer. [ DOI:10.1007/978-94-007-7395-0] 9. Mahmoudi, M., & Sadat Noori, S. A. (2024). Induction of hairy roots in multi-year-old yew (Taxus baccata) seedlings using Agrobacterium rhizogenes for the production of taxol. Genetic Engineering and Biosafety Journal, 13(2), 1-10. [ DOI:10.61882/gebsj.13.2.9] 10. Mahmoudi, M., & Sadat Noori, S. A. (2025). Optimization of hairy root induction in the medicinal plant garden thyme (Thymus vulgaris) using Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Genetic Engineering and Biosafety Journal, 14(1), 1-10. 11. Mahmoudi, M., Sadat Noori, S. A., Ebrahimi, M., & Bahmankar, M. (2023). Optimization of induction of hairy roots in Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton. Genetic Engineering and Biosafety Journal, 12(1), 17-27. [ DOI:20.1001.1.25885073.1402.12.1.4.8] 12. Nath, A., Mandal, S., Singh, R. K., Deka, B. C., & Ngachan, S. V. (2015). Ascorbic acid, β-carotene and antioxidant activity of broccoli during short-term refrigerated storage. In Processing and impact on active components in food (pp. 27-34). Elsevier. [ DOI:10.1016/B978-0-12-404699-3.00004-4] [ PMID] 13. Niazian, M., Sadat Noori, S. A., Tohidfar, M., Galuszka, P., & Mortazavian, S. M. M. (2019). Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi). Industrial Crops and Products, 132, 29-40. [ DOI:10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.02.005] 14. Putalun, W., Luealon, W., De-Eknamkul, W., Tanaka, H., & Shoyama, Y. (2007). Improvement of artemisinin production by chitosan in hairy root cultures of Artemisia annua L. Biotechnology Letters, 29, 1143-1146. [ DOI:10.1007/s10529-007-9368-8] [ PMID] 15. Riker, A. J., Banfield, W. M., Wright, W. H., Keitt, G. W., & Sagen, H. E. (1930). Studies on infectious hairy root of nursery apple trees. Journal of Agricultural Research, 41(7), 507-540. 16. Roy, A. (2021). Hairy root culture: An alternative for bioactive compound production from medicinal plants. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 22(1), 136-149. [ DOI:10.2174/1389201021666201229110625] [ PMID] 17. Santín-Márquez, R., Alarcón-Aguilar, A., López-Diazguerrero, N. E., Chondrogianni, N., & Königsberg, M. (2019). Sulforaphane: Role in aging and neurodegeneration. GeroScience, 41, 655-670. [ DOI:10.1007/s11357-019-00061-7] [ PMID] [ PMCID] 18. Soleimani, T., Keyhanfar, M., Piri, K. H., & Hasanloo, T. (2012). Hairy root induction in burdock (Arctium lappa L.). Journal of Medicinal Plants, 11(44), 41-49. https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.2717204.2012.11.44.17.9 19. Verpoorte, R., Contin, A., & Memelink, J. (2002). Biotechnology for the production of plant secondary metabolites. Phytochemistry Reviews, 1, 13-25. [ DOI:10.1023/A:1015871916833] |
|
| Add your comments about this article |
|
|
|
|
Bigdeli M, Sadat Noori A, Izadi darbandi A, Lotfi M, Bahmankar M. The Optimization of Hairy Root Induction in Broccoli Plant. gebsj 2025; 14 (1) :48-59 URL: http://gebsj.ir/article-1-525-en.html
|
